Everything about United Left Spain totally explained
United Left (
Izquierda Unida) is a political coalition that was organized in
1986 during the mobilizations in
Spain against
NATO. It was formed by several groups of leftists, greens, left-wing socialists and republicans, but was always dominated by the
Communist Party of Spain (PCE). The
Carlist and
Humanist Party were also founding members of the coalition but they parted ways in
1987.
After the electoral fall of the PCE in
1982 (from 10% to 3%), IU slowly improved its results reaching 9% in
1993 (1,800,000 votes) and nearly 11% in
1996 (2,600,000 votes). From
1999 it went into decline, with its support slipping to 5% in
2000. In that election it signed a pact with the
Socialist Party (PSOE).
From 1986 to 2001, its leader was the general secretary of the PCE,
Julio Anguita. From 2001 on it has been
Gaspar Llamazares who resigned following poor election results in 2008. IU has an important support base in
Andalusia,
Madrid and
Asturias, following the communist base of the PCE.
Following the tradition of the Spanish left since the formation of
PSUC in
1936 (as communists and socialists joined forces in Catalunya), IU doesn't have any organization of its own in
Catalonia. Until
1998 the referent of IU in
Catalonia was
Iniciativa per Catalunya (now known as IC-V). But IC moved towards the centre, and broke relations with IU. A split in PSUC followed and a new Catalonian alliance,
Esquerra Unida i Alternativa (EUiA) was formed as the new Catalonian referent of IU.
IU contested the
Spanish general election, 2008 in coalition with IC-V. The coalition got 963,040 votes (3.8%) and 2 MPs, its worst ever result. The
D'Hondt method regulates the allocation of seats in the
Spanish Congress and favours the main lists in each electoral district.
Since IU lists usually finish in third place or lower in each district, their share of seats in the Congress has usually been lower than their share of votes.
IU officially has around 70,000 activists and more than 2,500 councillors.
Federations of IU
- Andalusia: Izquierda Unida Los Verdes - Convocatoría por Andalucía (Green / United Left - Assembly for Andalusia)
- Aragon: Izquierda Unida Aragón (United Left of Aragon)
- Asturias: Izquierda Xunida d'Asturies (United Left of Asturias)
- Balearic Islands: Esquerra Unida de les Illes Balears (United Left of Balearic Islands)
- Canary Islands: Izquierda Unida de Canarias (United Left of the Canary Islands)
- Cantabria: Izquierda Unida de Cantabria (Cantabrian United Left)
- Castilla-La Mancha: Izquierda Unida - Izquierda de Castilla-La Mancha (United Left - Castilla-La Mancha Left)
- Castilla y León: Izquierda Unida de Castilla y León (United Left of Castilla-León)
- Ceuta: Izquierda Unida de Ceuta (United Left of Ceuta)
- Euskadi: Ezker Batua - Berdeak (Basque United Left). Has a seat in the Basque Government.
- Extremadura: Izquierda Unida - Federación de Extremadura (United Left - Extremadura Federation)
- Galicia: Esquerda Unida-Izquierda Unida (United Left of Galicia)
- La Rioja: Izquierda Unida - La Rioja (United Left-La Rioja)
- Madrid: Izquierda Unida de la Comunidad de Madrid (United Left of the Community of Madrid)
- Melilla: Izquierda Unida - Federación de Melilla (United Left - Melilla Federation)
- Murcia: Izquierda Unida - Región de Murcia (United Left - Region of Murcia)
- Navarra: Izquierda Unida de Navarra - Nafarroako Ezker Batua (United Left of Navarra)
- Valencian Country: Esquerra Unida del País Valencià (United Left of the Valencian Country)
Further Information
Get more info on 'United Left Spain'.
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